Dry Ice Bubbles
Objective:
- Mass is neither created nor destroyed within an ordinary chemical reaction. The mass of substance produced (products) by a chemical reaction is always equal to the mass of the reacting substances (reacting).
- -Solid particles are locked in place; they vibrate and generally do not move around.
- -Liquid particles are close together; they vibrate and move/slide past each other; have close together with no regular movement.
- -Gas particles move freely at high speeds, have no regular arrangement.
Hypothesis:
- My group and I predicted that as soon as we put the dry ice in the container with the warm water we believed that the rate of smoke coming out would increase thus not making the smoke disappear faster. We also believed that the bubbles would not have been able to sustain and remain whole once in the air. Since the dry ice bubble was denser than regular air.
Materials:
- Two Liter Bottle
- Dry Ice
- Funnel
- Rubber Tubing (Hose)
- Bubble Soap
- Utility Blade
- Plastic Cup
- Safety Goggles
- Heavy Duty Gloves
Procedures:
- Use a blade to carefully cut the top off of the two liter bottle. Make sure the hole on top of the two liter bottle is not larger than the funnel you will be using.
- Attach a length of rubber tubing to the narrow end of the funnel by squeezing the funnel into the tubing.
- Use the utility blade to cut a hole in the bottom of a small plastic portion cup just large enough to fit the rubber tubing (hose)
- Slide the end of the rubber tubing (not attached to the funnel) into the hole in the portion cup.
- Mix a batch of bubble solution in a cup that is large enough to fit your portion cup.
- Fill 1/6th of the two liter bottle with warm water and add in a few pieces of dry ice.
- Place the funnel over the hole in the two liter bottle. The smoke will come pouring out of the tube adjust how much of the hole is covered by the funnel, and you will see a change in the pressure of the smoke coming from the tubing. Once you have figured out a comfortable pressure , remove the funnel.
- Dunk the portion cup into the bubble solution and cover the top of the bottle with the funnel.
- When the bubble reaches the ideal size, gently shake it off of the portion cup and it will quickly fall to the ground (It is heavier than a normal bubble because these type of bubbles will be filled with carbon dioxide gas and water vapor)
- When the bubble hits the ground, it will burst and the cloud of fog erupts from the bubble.
- If you desire the bubbles to last, shake them onto a towel.
Conclusion:
- In conclusion, we discovered that nothing happened to the dry ice when put in the warm water. We actually discovered that increasing the temperature in water increased the speed of smoke coming out of the container. This occurred because Dry ice is carbon dioxide (CO2) in its solid form. At temperatures above -56.4 °C (-69.5 °F), dry ice changes directly from a solid to a gas, without ever being a liquid. This process is called sublimation. When dry ice is put in water it accelerates the sublimation process, creating clouds of fog that fill up your dry ice bubble until the pressure becomes too much and the bubble explodes Also that once we laid out a towel the bubbles remained as a whole for a longer period of time.
Caution (Safety Procedures):
- Wear goggles at all times
- Use gloves when handling dry ice since the ice can burn the skin
- Be careful with sharp objects (knife/blade)
- Keep dry ice out of the reach of children
- Avoid inhaling carbon dioxide gas
- Dispose of the left over dry ice in a well ventilated area
- Do not keep dry ice in an enclosed space for too long
- Use a towel or cloth to keep your area clean
Fun Facts:
- Dry ice is nothing more than frozen carbon dioxide.
- Dry ice is -109.3°F. This is very cold compared to the freezing point of regular water ice, which is 32.0°F.
- Dry ice is created when liquid carbon dioxide is release from compression.
- Dry ice does NOT melt. Instead of melting it transforms from a solid to a gas though a process called sublimation.
- Dry ice was not invented; rather it was discovered by Charles Thilorier.
- The first patent on dry ice was issued in 1924.
- Dry ice can be used for cleaning in a process called dry ice blasting.
- Dry ice comes in a few forms including block, standard pellet, blasting pellets, and rice pellets.
- Dry ice has been discovered in space on planets and comets.